If a Person Contracts Salmonella Are They More Susceptible to Getting It Again
Salmonella
Salmonella is one of the virtually common types of food poisoning caused by bacteria. It unremarkably means stomach cramps and diarrhea that lasts iv to seven days. It can be more serious for some people.
Overview
What is salmonella?
Salmonella is one of the well-nigh common types of food poisoning acquired past leaner in the U.s.. The US Centers for Affliction Control gets virtually 42,000 reports of salmonella each year. Experts at that place believe the total number of cases actually may exist more than than 1.2 million. Salmonella is more mutual in the summertime than the winter.
Salmonella usually is a brief illness with stomach cramps and diarrhea that lasts four to seven days. In some people, the diarrhea tin be severe or concluding longer. In full general, children are more than likely to become salmonella than other age groups.
Who is at gamble for astringent salmonella?
- Older people (age 65 and older)
- Infants
- People with weak immune systems (cancer patients, fragile elderly people, people with HIV or AIDS).
- People with inflammatory bowel disease (Ulcerative Colitis or Crohn's Disease)
Symptoms and Causes
How does a person get salmonella?
Salmonella are a type of bacteria that can alive in the digestive tract (intestines) of humans and other animals. Salmonella tin can pass out of the intestines into poop (feces/stool). A person tin go infected with Salmonella by:
- Eating undercooked foods contaminated with animal feces.
- Cooking food destroys Salmonella. Eating raw or undercooked beefiness, poultry (like chicken or duck), and seafood are a take chances. Foods that contain raw eggs also are a risk (similar cookie dough or homemade mayonnaise).
- Milk and unwashed, raw vegetables and fruit likewise can carry Salmonella.
- Eating food prepared on surfaces that were in contact with raw meat (such as a cutting board, or countertop).
- Eating foods contaminated with human carrion.
- This tin happen if a food worker does not wash his or her hands before handling food.
- Belongings, kissing or petting turtles, snakes, lizards, chicks and baby birds.
- These animals are likely to carry Salmonella. People can get infected if they exercise non wash their hands afterwards they handle these animals or touch their carrion or environment (cage, pen, ground, etc.).
- FYI: In 1975 the Usa Food and Drug Administration banned the auction of modest turtles in the United states because of the hazard of salmonella.
What are the symptoms of salmonella?
- Diarrhea, fever, and tum cramps that develop 12 to 72 hours subsequently infection
- Headache
- Nausea, airsickness, loss of appetite
Diagnosis and Tests
How is salmonella diagnosed?
Salmonella symptoms are vague and can be caused by many illnesses. The only way to know for sure that diarrhea, cramps, and fever are caused by Salmonella infection is by a lab test on the sick person's stool.
There are more than 2,000 dissimilar types of salmonella bacteria that cause people to become sick. Certain antibiotics practise non piece of work against some of these types. If the ill person goes to the doctor, the doctor may order additional lab tests on the bacteria in the stool sample to identify the blazon of salmonella. This information will help the physician decide what antibody to use if that person needs treatment.
Management and Handling
What is the treatment for salmonella?
Most people with salmonella recover in four to vii days and do non need treatment. During the illness, the person should drink plenty of fluids to supplant the fluid lost by diarrhea.
A person who has severe diarrhea or is sick for longer than a week may need to be hospitalized. In the hospital, he or she will be treated with intravenous (IV) fluids. Antibiotics may be used to treat infants, people over age 65, people with a weak immune arrangement (like cancer patients), and those who have astringent diarrhea and a loftier fever and have the bacteria in their bloodstream.
What are the complications of salmonella?
Most people who become salmonella feel better within a week and recover completely. It may take a few months before their bowel system is back to normal.
In severe cases, Salmonella leaner tin get into the bloodstream and travel to the liver, kidneys, or other organs. When this happens, the person must be treated with antibiotics. If treatment is not started soon plenty, the infection tin can cause expiry. About 400 people a year dice from salmonella in the U.s.a..
Reiter's syndrome is a rare complication of salmonella. In this condition, the person develops joint pain, irritation of the eyes, and pain on urination. Reiter's syndrome can last for months or years and can atomic number 82 to arthritis that is difficult to treat.
Prevention
Are there other adventure factors for salmonella?
Anything that changes the digestive tract to arrive easier for Salmonella bacteria to survive can increment the risk of getting the infection. These include:
- Recent or extended antibiotic use. Antibiotics impale off many of the "good" bacteria in the tum and intestine, making it harder to fight off salmonella infection
- Antacids. Antacids lower the tum's acid level, which lets Salmonella survive better.
- Inflammatory bowel illness similar Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. These diseases impairment the intestine lining, making it easier for Salmonella to adhere and stay there.
- Pets. Be especially mindful when at that place are both infants and pets in the house because salmonella can exist transmitted by animals to people.
What are some tips for preventing salmonella?
- When cooking, launder your hands, cutting boards, utensils, and countertops after they have been in contact with raw meat or poultry. Wash your hands in between handling unlike kinds of nutrient (meat and vegetables, for example).
- Launder fresh vegetables and fruit thoroughly before eating.
- Cook food to the recommended safe temperature:
- 145°F for roasts
- 160°F for ground meats
- 165°F for all poultry
- Proceed the refrigerator below 40°F.
- Put prepared nutrient in the refrigerator within 30 minutes subsequently eating.
- Keep foods that can spoil refrigerated.
- Put fresh foods in the fridge promptly after grocery shopping.
- Proceed hot foods hot and cold foods cold.
- Do not eat or drinkable foods containing raw eggs or raw (unpasteurized) milk.
- Wash your hands with lather after treatment snakes, lizards, or other reptiles; birds; or babe chicks.
- Do not allow an babe or person with a weak immune arrangement to touch reptiles or their environment.
Living With
When is it time to telephone call the doc if I have salmonella?
Call the doctor if:
- Illness lasts longer than a few days
- Diarrhea is astringent or encarmine
- A fever over 101.5°F that lasts longer than a twenty-four hours
- The ill person is at chance for severe salmonella:
- a person age 65 or older
- an baby
- someone with a weak allowed system
- someone with inflammatory bowel affliction
Source: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15697-salmonella
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